The general features highlights of the particular period of modern architecture, based on motivation in certain areas of classical architecture are simplification of forms, most useful to be functional, either artistic or housing (“form follows the function “), the utilization of new manufacturing materials for example steel, cement and glass, discrete expressions, same hierarchy of attribute and utilization of frequent elements, except the ornament as design, balance together with the environment, mostly.
Subtitle: Major Expressions of Modern Architecture (1900-1960)
The primary expressions of modern-day architecture that developed in this period of time, are as follows: the “Belle Epoque” and “Fin de siècle”, the Neo, the “Art Deco”, the “Arts and Crafts”, the ” Bauhaus “and finally the” balloon frame “with the Chicago Class. Some salient features and information thereof are explained below.
The terms “Belle Epoque” (“Belle époque” in French) and “Fin de siècle” (“End of the Century” in French) is developed primarily in France and spread to Europe, its architectural design was monumental, having a cult to orchids, curved lines, the extensive utilization of attractive aspects, their objective was to serve the upper class of the effort. His term runs from belated nineteenth century until the outbreak of the 1st World War (1914).
The Neo, characterized by horizontal and vertical linear geometry, utilizing blocks and few colors, has a practical fashion and minimalist architecture, without accessories. As for the colors utilized in this style, including: yellow, bluish, red, black and white. It originated within the year 1917 and his impact extended into the middle 40′s.
The “Art Deco”, appeared in France as well as its impact extended throughout Europe and North America, was applied between 1925 to 1940, recommended a new artistic fashion and edgy, with strong utilization of geometric designs, powerful lines and curves ( zigzags), emphasizing verticality and pyramids.
The “Art and Craft” (“Arts and Crafts” in English) was produced in England, mainly so as to return the create traditions and improve the structures developed by the Commercial Movement of the nineteenth century, although its development reached end of the century, his impact extended to 1930 approximately. Was characterized by strong forms, high roofs, brick chimneys, arches in the windows and wooden fittings.
The “Bauhaus” (“House of Building” in German) was developed in Germany just before World War II, as industrial and graphic motion, with influences of Greco-Latin and Traditional Revival. Although there are few functions which were developed with this particular expression, it laid the educational foundation for visual design business today. Its beginnings date back to the year 1919 until 1933, once they were closed by the Nazi party as being contrary to his government. Many of his students and instructors journeyed to America, where they continued the architectural development until the middle 60′s, which is considered the “New Bauhaus”.
The “balloon frame” (“balloon structure” in English), originated in Northern America, mainly due to the surf of immigrants from across the world who settled in the New World. It is characterized by the utilization of timber as a main designing element, the concept was to produce more modern-day architecture houses at lower expenses, really light, with pyramidal roofs. This fashion was later replaced with one that used ideal construction materials, like the Chicago Class, for this case, we used metal structures, high and concise, which were created safer buildings and homes in the event of shoot. Some extra features of that design are: extended windows, utilization of cement and glass, electrical elevator installation, fast surfaces in horizontal and vertical marks, among others. Both were developed from all the belated nineteenth century until the middle 30′s.
There were other less brilliant trends which are additionally element of the period of modern-day architecture, and were created in order to have better harmony together with the all-natural world, as is organic architecture, which achieved its peak between your years 1940 to 1950, a few of its notable features are: utilization of supplies like glass, lumber, rock and metal, spacious conditions, vegetation and design different all-natural fluids (to have minimal ecological impact), diversified forms, applying equivalent colors for their environment, among others these constructions were created mainly in non-urban areas.
It is recommended that the reader visualize some contemporary architecture photos, to compare the different expressions as well as its characteristics undoubtedly described, such as: utilization of types, colors, geometries, supplies visible vertical, horizontal and inclined, among others.
The vast majority of the expressions architectural ideas were not used by the post-modern architecture nowadays, because they showed many contradictions inside their tissues. Although the structures that have been made since time period is managed over time and they are functional, the deficiency of some features of wit and ornament, needed for the development of contemporary homes, made a total rethink of these types.
With contemporary architecture, is to save most ideas of artistic expressions before the twentieth century, for blending while using the technological requirements of the present, optimal functionality is attained in the construction of the various works.
Finally, the period of impact of the above expressions of modern architecture (early and mid-twentieth century), was the main inspiration for buildings not only in Europe and North America but additionally in different elements of the world like Asia and the rest of America, which were taken as reference these trends to create whole cities, structures and works; important point to keep in mind and cause enough for whole learn.
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